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Showing posts from June, 2020

Gulab Singh and the Battle of Jammu 1809

The year was 1808. The place, Jammu. Raja Jaid Singh was placed on the throne of Jammu to be its king, supported by the presence of Mian Mota Singh, the all-powerful kingmaker of Jammu. In this period of madness in the province of Jammu, one hoped that Jammu would witness a semblance of balance and stability being created. Jammu had been in a free fall following the death of Raja Brijraj Dev. Sampuran Singh, the successor, succumbed to smallpox, leading to the situation that a new successor had to be found desperately. In the scramble, the name of Jaid Singh came forward, and with Mian Mota Singh’s support, Jaid Singh ascended the throne. Raja Brijraj Dev of Jammu ( painting with San Diego Museum of Art) Contributing to the constant madness in Jammu were the Khalsa forces who would raid Jammu and pillage it constantly, devoiding it of its wealth. The 1783 pillage of Jammu remained afresh in the minds of the people and the aristocrats alike - for two months, one witnessed not a single ...

The Irishman Who Served Kangra - Thoughts on Militaristic Influences of European Mercenaries

Sansar Chand With O'Brien (Source: Chandigarh Museum and Art Gallery) Going through some Kangra paintings, I was a little surprised to see a man dressed like a British soldier serving the great monarch of Kangra Maharaja Sansar Chand Katoch. This was quite surprising, given the period’s turbulence and the ongoing tussles of the Lahore Darbar, to which he was also a feudatory, and the British East India Company (EIC). The painting, on prominent display in the Chandigarh Museum and Art Gallery, actually turned up in my searches as a result of their official handle’s tweet that mentioned briefly his contribution (on a side note, do follow for some wonderful material they tweet out time to time).  'Sansar Chand and O'Brien',Kangra,c.1810(240) O’Brien was described as “a European adventurer...who established a factory of small arms and raised a disciplined force of 1400 men” for the raja #kangra #portrait #painting #pahari #arthistory #indianart #history #royalty #...

Perspective on the India-Nepal Border Dispute - a Brief on its Historical Context

Bhimsen Thapa's troops, right, at Sugauli, 1816, with India Pattern Brown Bess muskets and chupi bayonets (Source: Wikimedia Commons) While many would feel that the India-Nepal dispute is something new, detailed examination would tell that the problem actually goes back to the British East India Company's days. In the 1799, the Ranas of Nepal, having united under a single banner and undertook an expansionist policy. One must commend the strength, maneuverability and the resilience of the Gorkha forces who managed to expand on both sides of the country, crossing Sikkim on the east and reaching upto the watershed of the Beas river on the west. Several forts of the Gorkhas still mark the memory of their presence, identifiable by their distinct style of construction. One particular fort, which was in fact the largest Gurkha fortification can still be seen in Parwanoo in the Kasauli region.  Doorway of Gurkha Fort in Parwanoo  The period of the Gurkhas is remembered not with much p...